HIV

HIV

Studies have shown that people who have other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) carry an increased risk for HIV infection. Treating or preventing STDs may also help prevent HIV infection. Studies are being done to evaluate the impact of aggressive STD prevention programs on HIV transmission.

Condoms

Latex Condoms for Men
Latex condoms are an effective barrier against the transmission of HIV and most other STDs. Condoms made of biological products such as lambskin are not effective, because HIV can pass through the pores.

One compelling study examined HIV transmission rates in heterosexual couples with one infected partner. Of the 123 couples who regularly used condoms, none of the uninfected partners became infected, compared to 12 new infections in the 122 couples who did not use condoms.

Condoms should be purchased from a source that can guarantee product reliability and freshness. Heat, pressure, and age can break down latex. Condoms should not be used more than 5 years after the manufacture date. If the condom looks deteriorated or discolored, or feels sticky or brittle, it should be discarded. If the packaging is torn or damaged, the condoms should not be used.

Condoms are easily torn if they are handled roughly or with sharp fingernails, so care should be taken while putting them on and taking them off. Petroleum or oil-based lubricants (e.g., Vaseline, baby oil) can break down latex and should not be used. Water-based lubricants (e.g., KY Jelly) should be used and are usually labeled "For use with latex condoms or diaphragms."

Polyurethane Condoms for Men
Newer condoms made of synthetic materials, such as polyurethane, are now available for people who are allergic to latex. Ask your doctor, pharmacist, or other health care provider which materials have been proven effective to prevent transmission of HIV and other STDs.