Viruses and AIDS-Related Cancers

Viruses and AIDS-Related Cancers

Some cancers are also associated with HIV/AIDS. For example, Kaposi's sarcoma, lymphomas, cervical cancer, and anal cancer may have a viral origin. Oncogenic (tumor-causing) viruses are fairly common, but infection with one of these viruses, doesn't necessarily mean that developing cancer is inevitable.

Some of these associations include the following:

• Kaposi's sarcoma is associated with human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8).
• Lymphomas (e.g., NHL, primary CNS lymphoma) are associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV).
• Anogenital cancers (e.g., cervical cancer, anal squamous cell carcinoma) are associated with human papillomavirus (HPV).

How Does a Virus Cause Cancer?

Some viruses may alter the genetic makeup of cells and cause them to become cancerous (malignant). The risk that an oncogenic viral infection will eventually lead to cancer is higher in patients who have HIV/AIDS because a weakened immune system is less able to suppress tumor growth. Patients who have an AIDS-related cancer should find a cancer specialist (oncologist) who is also expert in the care and treatment of people with HIV/AIDS.