HIV/AIDS & HIV-related Gall Bladder Disease
The gall bladder is a small, pear-shaped organ located under the liver. The main function of the gall bladder is the storage of bile (substance made by the liver). Gallstones are pebble-like formations of bile that accumulate and block the flow of bile from the gall bladder, leading to infection. Gallstones are common in adults, whether HIV-positive or not.
Most patients with gallstones are nauseated and experience pain in the right upper part of the stomach (especially after eating fatty foods), but the condition may be asymptomatic. Pain also may occur in the upper middle part of the belly and radiate to the back or shoulder blades.
In addition to gallstones, various HIV-opportunistic infectious agents, including yeast, cryptosporidiosis, and cytomegalovirus, can infect the gall bladder and surrounding tissues. These infections cause symptoms similar to gallstones, but upon examination, there are no gallstones.
Patients who have HIV/AIDS and develop symptoms of gall bladder disease should see a health care provider experienced in the evaluation of abdominal pain in HIV-positive patients. Treatment for HIV-related gall bladder disease involves removing the gall bladder.
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