Mehta et al set out to evaluate whether sexual intercourse soon after adult male circumcision affected HIV risk by conducting a combined analysis of data from African trials of men who were randomized to and underwent circumcision. The authors examined two associations: early sex (intercourse <42 style="text-decoration: underline;">Early sex was reported by 3.9% of participants in Kisumu, 5.4% in Rakai, and 22.5% in Orange Farm. HIV seroprevalence was 0.0% at 3 months and 1.9% at 6 months among 18-24-year-olds reporting early sex and 0.2% at 3 months and 0.6% at 6 months among those who did not report early sex. In pooled analyses, men reporting early sex did not have higher HIV infection risk at 3 or 6 months. In Kisumu, 16 (1.3%) men had incomplete wound healing at the 30-day visit. One (6.3%) of these seroconverted at 3 months compared with 2 (0.2%) of 1246 men with complete wound healing (P = 0.075). No association was observed between incomplete wound healing and seroconversion for Rakai participants. The authors conclude that most men delayed intercourse after circumcision. Early sex after circumcision was not associated with HIV risk, although the study power was limited. Nevertheless, men should delay intercourse to limit the potential for increased HIV risk until complete wound healing.
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